Cultivation and management of open field flowers

1. SeedingIt is necessary to choose full growth, large and plump grains, high germination rate, nonePests and diseasesThe seeds. Deeply turn the seedbed, rake the border surface, pour water thoroughly, and sow after the water has completely penetrated. The thickness of the soil is twice the diameter of the seed, and the soaked straw or reed curtain is covered after sowing to maintain humidity. SeedlingsIf the border surface is dry before unearthed, you can spray water on the reed curtain. Do not use border water to avoid dispersing the seeds and affecting the emergence of the seedlings. Remove the cover when the leaves are unearthed.

Second, thinningUsually after the cotyledons are issued. After emergence, the dense seedlings are pulled out, and the seedling spacing is enlarged to allow air circulation and sufficient sunshine to prevent pests and diseases.

Three, transplantTransplanting seedlings should be carried out when the soil in the seedbed is not particularly dry to prevent root damage. For seedlings transplanted with bare roots, the soil should be dug up in blocks when the seedlings are raised, and then the roots should be loosened from the soil block.Deadlift, so as not to damage the roots. For the transplanted seedlings with soil, first shovel the soil around the seedlings with a hand shovel, and then shovel the seedlings with a shovel at the bottom, do not break the soil. Whether it is with soil or bare rootsThe seedlings should be transplanted quickly to prevent the roots from withering and affecting survival. The transplantation should be selected on a windless and cloudy day, and the survival rate of the transplantation is higher before and after the rain. The colonization and transplantation methods are the same. The seedlings should be planted in a certain row spacingIn the flower bed, the roots of the plants should be natural when planting, and should not be bent, and the planting should not be too deep, otherwise it will not grow.

four, plastic surgery 1. Pinching removes the top buds of branches, called pinning. It can inhibit the growth of branches, promote dwarfing of plants, and prolong flowering. HerbsFlowersGeneral topping is 1 to 3 times, and some need 7 to 8 times. Suitable for toppingFlowersThere are: zinnia, a bunch of red, aster, marigold, dahlia, etc. 2. The purpose of bud removal and bud removal is to remove excessive axillary buds, limit the number of flower buds on branches, and improve flowering quality.Usually remove the side buds, retain the top buds or remove the early-occurring flower buds, such as chrysanthemums. 3. Standing columns Some flower plants are tall and easy to fall, and columns should be set up in time and tied gently with ropes. Columns for flowers such as dahlias and chrysanthemumsWork is best done before watering or around noon.

five, trim Pruning is to regulate growth and development. Specific pruning measures for parts of flowers or a certain organ can be divided into heavy-cutting, medium-cutting and light-cutting. After 1 to 2 years of flowering, the growth potential of geraniums and hibiscus will weaken.You can keep 2 to 3 buds at the base of the side branches and perform re-pruning to give enough water to make them regenerate new shoots. Medium pruning is mostly used to remove long and diseased branches and abnormal branches. Light pruning is used to remove excess side branches and irregular growth.The branches are used to adjust the plant shape of flowers and are often used as the main planting material for flower beds and flower bushes.

Six, top dressing Topdressing is commonly used in decomposed human urine, cake fertilizer and liquid application, and chemical fertilizers such as urea and calcium peracid phosphate can also be applied, but the concentration is low, generally 1% to 3%. The principle of fertilization is thin fertilizer and frequent application.The amount should vary with the size of the plant and the soil moisture, and more attention should be paid to small seedlings. Generally, human feces and urine should be diluted 5 to 10 times, while cake fertilizer should be diluted more than 100 times ie cake fertilizer and 10 times water retting to make itFully ferment, dilute 10 times when using. The next morning after fertilization, water must be watered again, which is called "return water" to prevent root rot. Organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed before application. Ground-planted flowers can be topdressed 5-6Secondly, pre-emergence, post-emergence, before flower, after flower and before and after fruit are the most ideal. Do not fertilize when budding, otherwise it will cause flower drop. Plants with diseases and insect pests should not be fertilized. After killing, apply thin fertilizer to restore growth.